For him, both the study of the traditional writings, as well as the practical reference of philosophy, were important ( bo wen yi zhi qi zhi, zhu jing yi du qi xing 博文以致其知,主敬以篤其行 "Have a vast in literature to your learning make respect your master to consolidate your practice."). Song Lian's writings are assembled in the collections "Collected Writings from Luoshan" Luoshanji 蘿山集 and Qianxiji 潛溪集 "Collected Writings from Recluse Creek".įang Xiaoru 方孝儒 (1357-1402), although a disciple of Song Lian, refused to consider the relevance of Buddhist thoughts in Neo-Confucian philosophy. It is not enough to study only the Confucian writings, he said, but a good scholar also should broaden his knowledge by investigating the teachings of the Buddhists and Daoists, because their writings all influenced later Confucian thought, and are therefore able to "enlighten the mind and to make clear the human character" ( ming xin jian xing 明心見性). Although he was an adherent of Zhu Xi's philosophy his thoughts clearly show deeper influences of Buddhist and Daoist thought than that of the great Southern Song Neo-Confucian master Zhu Xi. He was also one of the first Yuan scholars that were employed as expert personnel by the founder of the Ming dynasty. Song Lian 宋濂 (1310-1381) undertook the compilation of the official dynastic history ( zhengshi 正史) of the Yuan period, Yuanshi 元史. Daoism and Chan Buddhism showed their influence in the thinking of Ming scholars that retired from official posts and developed quietistic philosophies that were more oriented to the own person and the place of humans in the universe than to construct an ideal state like the pre-Han philosophers had done. English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.Further Development of Neo-Confucian PhilosophyĪlthough Confucianism had been adopted as "orthodox" state doctrine since the Han period 漢, and Neo-Confucianism since the Yuan period 元, there existed many liberate and oppositional ways of thought among the Ming Confucian scholarship, especially among the scholars of the Donglin Academy 東林院.( intransitive ) To speak tell talk discourse.( transitive ) To speak of mention tell relate.Merged in Middle English with Old English ġemyndgian ( “ to remember, be mindful, remind, intend, commemorate, mention, exhort, impel, warn, demand payment ” ).
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#MING DU FULL#
The old man him brought into a secret part, / Where that false couple were full closely ment / In wanton lust and lewd embracement.
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1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, I.ii:.
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( obsolete ) To bring (people, animals etc.) together to be joined, in marriage or sexual intercourse.I founde here and there litle peces of marquesites and stones, menged with copper, but I could by no sense or wit perceyue, that the bathes had any notable qualitie thereof. Ming ( third-person singular simple present mings, present participle minging, simple past and past participle minged or meint or ment) Cognate with Dutch mengen ( “ to mix, blend, mingle ” ), German mengen ( “ to mix ” ), Danish mænge ( “ to rub ” ), Old English ġemang ( “ mixture, union, troop, crowd, multitude, congregation, assembly, business, cohabitation ” ). From Middle English mingen, mengen, from Old English mengan ( “ to mix, combine, unite, associate with, consort, cohabit with, disturb, converse ” ), from Proto-West Germanic *mangijan ( “ to mix, knead ” ), from Proto-Indo-European *menk- ( “ to rumple, knead ” ).